Absalom and Achitophel is a notable literary work by John Dryden. A complete discussion of this literary work is given, which will help you enhance your literary skills and prepare for the exam. Read the Main texts, Key info, Summary, Themes, Characters, Literary devices, Quotations, Notes, and various study materials of Absalom and Achitophel.
In the poem, King David represents King Charles II and his illegitimate son Absalom represents James Scott, Duke of Monmouth. James Scott was rumored to be the illegitimate son of Charles II. Here, Achitophel (Earl of Shaftesbury) refers to the Earl of Shaftesbury. He was a political figure who was involved in various attempts to limit the power of the monarchy.
So when David became king, the Jebusites (Roman Catholic) demanded Jerusalem from David. They said Jerusalem was theirs. But the Jews prevailed over the Jebusites and captured Jerusalem. Then the Jebusites sought the help of the Egyptian Pharaoh. But it was of no use. The Jews succeeded in suppressing the mass movement of the Jebusites. And in Israel, the ruling power of the Jews continued very smoothly until the death of David.
But Absalom says, he finds no fault with his father here. He knows that his father loves him a lot and respects him a lot. But at one place he also got a bit hesitant. And that is, even after he has a worthy successor, why does his father want to make his uncle the king! Achitophel then realizes that his evil plan is working. He then tells Absalom that Absalom should see if his father is really working for the Jews? Achitophel tells Absalom, “I will put your father in a crisis. Then it will be known what he wants. If he asks for help from the Jebusites or Pharaoh, then it will be understood that David has become a Jebusite. Then the Jews will reject him already”. Then Achitophel said, referring to Saul, “Saul was rejected by the people. Because he could not rule well. And David was put in power by the people. So if David becomes the Jebusites, the people will go to your side. And you will be, Israel’s.” The Next King”. Thus he brainwashed Absalom.
The poem then begins a final battle between King David’s army and Absalom. Absalom was eventually defeated in battle and killed. Achitophel chooses to commit suicide. Meanwhile, King David was able to maintain his reign and restore order to the kingdom. Among King David’s loyal supporters was a character named Zadok and a character named “Earl of Rochester”. Here, together, they work to thwart Ahithophel’s plans and preserve the rightful succession to the throne.
Finally Some Words
Throughout the poem, Dryden uses vivid and satirical language to comment on the political situation in England. He portrays Ahithophel as a scheming and manipulative man who does not hesitate to sacrifice Absalom for his own political ambitions. He also criticized the Whig Party for its opposition to the monarchy. Despite its political commentary, “Absalom and Achitophel” is one of Dryden’s powerful creations. Dryden’s use of metaphor and his mastery of language and form have established the poem as a classic of English literature.