Sketch the role of Bosola as a Machiavellian villain in The Duchess of Malfi

Answer

Sketch the role of Bosola as a Machiavellian villain in “The Duchess of Malfi.”

Or, Write a note about the role of Bosola in “The Duchess of Malfi.”

Or, Critically comment on the role of Bosola in “The Duchess of Malfi”. Do you find anything good in his character?

“The Duchess of Malfi” (1623) is a revenge tragedy by John Webster (c 1578 – c 1632). Daniel de Bosola is a complex figure. He embodies many traits of a Machiavellian villain. Machiavellian characters are named after the political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli. Machiavellian villain is depicted as cunning, deceitful, and ruthless in their quest for power. Here are key points that highlight Bosola as a Machiavellian villain:

Deceptive and Manipulative Nature: Bosola is hired by the Cardinal and Ferdinand. His work is to spy on the Duchess. His willingness to deceive and manipulate others for his own gain is evident from the beginning. He pretends to be loyal and trustworthy while secretly plotting against the Duchess. His manipulative nature is revealed when he says:

I am your creature

This statement reflects his readiness to serve his masters by any means. It shows his lack of morality.

Ruthlessness and Lack of Conscience: Bosola’s ruthlessness is clear when he unhesitatingly follows orders to torture the Duchess. His actions show a lack of conscience. This is a significant feature of a Machiavellian villain. He directs cruel psychological tortures on the Duchess. He displays his heartlessness:

My trade is to flatter the dead, not the living;

  I am a tomb-maker.

This line reveals his cruel work. He builds fancy houses for people who are no longer alive.

Cunning and Resourceful: Bosola’s cunning nature allows him to uncover the Duchess’s secrets. He cleverly uses information and his keen observation skills to his advantage. His resourcefulness is highlighted when he discovers the Duchess’s secret marriage and pregnancy. He says about her,

She’s oft found witty, but is never wise

Here, Bosola’s sharp wit and ability to see through disguises highlight his Machiavellian cunning.

Ambition and Self-Interest: Bosola’s actions are driven by personal ambition and self-interest. He seeks rewards and recognition for his services. It motivates his loyalty to the corrupt brothers. His ambition is evident when he laments his lack of advancement despite his efforts:

Miserable age, where the only reward of doing well is the doing of it!

This complaint reflects his desire for tangible rewards. His frustration at being overlooked highlights his self-serving nature.

Moral Ambiguity and Complexity: Bosola is not a one-dimensional villain. His character is marked by moral ambiguity. He occasionally shows signs of remorse and guilt. It adds depth to his Machiavellian persona. For the Duchess’s punishment, he expresses regret:

I am angry with myself.

This moment of self-reflection and anger at his own actions reveals his inner conflict. It also differentiates him from purely evil characters.

Instrument of Tragedy: Ultimately, Bosola serves as the instrument of tragedy in the play. His actions set off a chain of events. It leads to the downfall of many characters, including himself. His role as a Machiavellian villain drives the tragic narrative forward:

Still methinks the Duchess haunts me.

This haunting line indicates how his deeds have unchangeable consequences. This contributes to the tragic resolution of the play.

Bosola’s character in “The Duchess of Malfi” displays the characteristics of a Machiavellian villain through his deception, ruthlessness, and tragic downfall. These aspects make him a central and influential figure in Webster’s dark and complex tragedy.