How Does Martin Luther King Point Out the Discrimination Between the White and the Black People in America in “I Have a Dream”? 

Answer

How Does Martin Luther King Point Out the discrimination between the white and the black people in America in “I Have a Dream”?

In his famous “I Have a Dream” (August 28, 1963) speech, Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968) shows the deep racial divide in America. He vividly describes the injustices faced by Black Americans. He also contrasts their suffering with the privileges enjoyed by White Americans. He exposes the harsh realities of segregation and discrimination through powerful metaphors and imagery. King uses his words to demand equality and justice.

Economic Disparity: King highlights the financial inequality between Black and White Americans. He says Black people live, 

… On a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.

The White Americans enjoyed various opportunities and a vast ocean of wealth. This metaphor shows how African Americans were excluded from that wealth and opportunities. Despite working hard, they remained poor. Besides, they were denied economic freedom. King’s words emphasize how racial discrimination trapped Black people in poverty.

Segregation and Social Injustice: The author points out that even after the abolition of slavery, Black Americans were still not truly free. He says, 

One hundred years later, the Negro still is not free.

Instead, they were “crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination.” These metaphors show how segregation laws limited Black people. They could not access the same opportunities as White people. Black people were treated as second-class citizens. They were excluded from schools, public spaces, and basic rights.

Denial of Civil Rights: The orator compares America’s promise of equality to a “check”. He claims that it was returned due to “insufficient funds.” He says that Black Americans were promised freedom and civil rights. This was done by the Declaration of Independence and the Emancipation Proclamation. However, these promises were not fulfilled for them. This metaphor shows how White Americans fully enjoyed these rights. Black Americans, however, were denied these benefits.

Psychological Impact of Racism: King describes how racism deeply affected the dignity and humanity of Black Americans. He speaks of them being: 

… Languishing in the corners of American society…

They were also treated as if their lives had less value. This language reflects the humiliation and isolation caused by racial prejudice. Segregation and unequal treatment oppressed Black people materially. It also caused them emotional and psychological harm.

Lack of Freedom and Justice: King emphasizes that Black Americans were far from achieving true freedom and justice. He says they were “crippled” by systemic racism. This restricted their ability to live fulfilling lives. In contrast, White Americans enjoyed full freedoms and rights. This discrimination created a society where equality was only an ideal, not a reality. King’s repetition of phrases like “we will not be satisfied” calls for immediate justice to end this unfair treatment.

In summary, Martin Luther King Jr. masterfully exposes the discrimination between White and Black Americans. In this speech, he has done this through vivid imagery and metaphors. He highlights the economic, social, and psychological impacts of racism. His speech reminds us of the need to end racial discrimination. It also calls for ensuring freedom for everyone.