Write a Note on the Use of Dramatic Irony in “Agamemnon.”

Answer

 Write a note on the use of dramatic irony in “Agamemnon.” [NU: 2015, 21] ★★★

In “Agamemnon” (458 BCE), Aeschylus (c. 525 BCE – c. 456 BCE) uses dramatic irony as a key tool. Dramatic irony happens when the audience knows more than the characters. In this play, the audience knows about the curse on the House of Atreus. They also know Clytemnestra is planning revenge. But Agamemnon himself does not know. This contrast creates tension and fear. It makes the audience expect tragedy even before it happens on stage.

Knowledge of The Curse: The audience already knows the House of Atreus is cursed. The crimes of Tantalus and Atreus are part of Greek tradition. Cassandra says, 

“It’s a house that hates gods!” 

The Chorus also reminds us of past violence. But Agamemnon himself does not see the curse in his home. This gap between audience knowledge and character ignorance is strong dramatic irony.

Clytemnestra’s Deceptive Welcome: Clytemnestra welcomes her husband with soft words. She acts like a loyal wife and praises Agamemnon. She asks him to walk on purple tapestries. She says, 

“let his path be covered with purple.”

Agamemnon sees this as honor. But the audience knows her words hide her plan. They know she wants revenge for Iphigenia. Her speech seems kind but is cruel. The irony lies in her mask of love covering murder.

Cassandra’s Prophecy: Cassandra is given the gift of prophecy. She knows the truth but no one believes her. She cries, 

“ …house full of death, kinsmen butchered”

The audience knows she speaks true words. The Chorus, however, doubts her visions and calls her mad. This rejection creates painful dramatic irony. The audience feels fear because the truth is clear. Cassandra sees death, but her warnings are ignored. Her helplessness makes the scene tragic.

Agamemnon’s Ignorance: Agamemnon returns proud from Troy. He believes he has glory and safety. He is blind