How does Shelley curse the critic in “Adonais”?

Answer

 How does Shelley curse the critic in “Adonais”?

B. Shelley’s (1792-1822) “Adonais” (1821) is a pastoral elegy, written on the untimely death of the Romantic poet John Keats (1795-1821). In this poem, Shelley strongly criticizes and curses the literary critics who attacked Keats’ works. He believed that Keats’ harsh reviewers played a role in his death. In the poem, Shelley expresses his anger by using simple but strong images and words.

The Critic is Viperous: First, Shelley calls the critic a “deaf and viperous murderer” (like a poisonous snake). He says his cruel words attacked Keats’s sensitive soul—just as a snake bites without mercy. He calls the critic a “nameless worm”. This shows his deep hate/disgust, as worms are creatures that feed on decay. By calling the critic a worm, Shelley suggests that he is insignificant, cowardly, and morally corrupt.

Cursing with Shame and Guilt: Next, Shelley curses the critic to live in guilt and fear. Shelley says he will never find peace. Instead, he will suffer from guilt, self-hatred, and shame for what he has done. He writes:

“Remorse and Self-contempt shall cling to thee.”

He will be haunted by his actions. His own conscience will make him miserable.

Comparing to a Beaten Animal: Shelley imagines the critic as a “beaten hound” (dog) who is scared and suffering. This image suggests that the critic will live in fear and disgrace, just like an abused and unwanted animal.

Forgotten: Shelley also says this critic will be forgotten. While Keats (as Adonais) becomes immortal through his poetry, the critic will vanish like shadows. Shelley calls him a “noteless blot” (a stain no one notices) on a bright page. His name will disappear from history, while Keats’s name shines forever.

In short, Shelley’s curse is not just about anger—it is also a warning. He believes that cruelty and jealousy will destroy the critic’s soul, while Keats’ spirit will live on in poetry and beauty.