Evaluate Leavis’ objections against the Wordsworthian theory of poetry

Answer

Question: Evaluate Leavis’ objections against the Wordsworthian theory of poetry.

Frank Raymond Leavis (1895-1978), in his essay “Literature and Society” (1937), presents a clear criticism of the Wordsworthian theory of poetry. Wordsworth (1770-1850) emphasizes the poet’s role as a passive reflector of nature and emotions. Leavis challenges this view, arguing that poetry should be seen as an active engagement with society and human experience. Through a careful examination of Leavis’ objections, it becomes clear that his perspective offers a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between literature and society.

The Neglect of Social and Political Realities: According to Leavis, Wordsworth’s theory neglects the influence of social and political realities on human behavior and consciousness. He argues Wordsworth’s focus is on universal emotions. Wordsworth says,

“Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings.” 

Leavis argues Wordsworth fails to account for the impact of social and political forces on individual lives. Leavis suggests that a broader understanding of society is essential for interpreting poetry accurately. 

Lack of Social Engagement: Leavis criticizes Wordsworth for his failure to engage with the social and political realities of his time. He argues that Wordsworth’s focus on nature and personal emotions neglects the broader social context in which poetry operates. Leavis states Wordsworth is criticised for lacking a sense of social responsibility. This analysis highlights the importance of poetry as a tool for social commentary rather than a retreat into personal reflection. Leavis states,

“Literature is the supreme means by which you renew your sensuous and emotional life and learn a new awareness.”

Cultural Elitism: Leavis suggests that the Wordsworthian theory perpetuates a form of cultural elitism by prioritizing individual experience over collective social concerns. He argues that this approach alienates poetry from the broader masses and reinforces hierarchies of taste and privilege. This highlights the need for poetry to resonate with diverse audiences and address the concerns of society as a whole. 

Escapism: Leavis criticizes Wordsworth for promoting