Shakespeare has no heroes, but only heroines.
Preface to Shakespeare is a notable literary work by Samuel Johnson. A complete discussion of this literary work is given, which will help you enhance your literary skills and prepare for the exam. Read the Main texts, Key info, Summary, Themes, Characters, Literary devices, Quotations, Notes, and various study materials of Preface to Shakespeare.
Answer
Explain this line: “Shakespeare has no heroes, but only heroines.”
The great critic John Ruskin (1819-1900) once said, “Shakespeare has no heroes, but only heroines.” This means Shakespeare’s female characters are often stronger, smarter, and more active than the men. But this idea is true mainly for his comedies. In his tragedies and historical plays, most women are weak, helpless, and silent. Let us look at some examples.
Strong in Comedies: In comedies, Shakespeare’s heroines are brave and clever. They solve problems and help others. They even guide the men. For example, Portia in “The Merchant of Venice” (1600) saves Antonio in court. Rosalind in “As You Like It” (1623) teaches love and shows great wisdom. These women are full of life and energy. They speak clearly and act wisely. That is why they shine more than the male characters.
Weak in Tragedies: In tragedies, Shakespeare’s women are often soft and sad. They suffer silently. Ophelia in “Hamlet” (1623) cannot express her love. She obeys her father and loses her mind. Desdemona in “Othello” (1622) is loving and kind. Even the cruel Lady Macbeth breaks down in the end. In Act 5, Scene I, of “Macbeth,” this lady is consumed with guilt after murdering King Duncan, as she says,
“All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand.”
Suffering in Histories: In historical plays, women live hard and painful lives. They lose their children, husbands, or peace. They do not get love or happiness. Women like Queen Margaret, Constance, and Katherine suffer silently. Their husbands are busy with war and power. These women are ignored and forgotten.
So, Ruskin’s line is partly true. Shakespeare gave many bright and active heroines in comedies. But in tragedies and histories, women are sad and powerless. Some shine like Cleopatra, but most are silent sufferers.