The Old Man and the Sea is a notable literary work by Ernest Hemingway. A complete discussion of this literary work is given, which will help you enhance your literary skills and prepare for the exam. Read the Main texts,
Key info,
Summary,
Themes,
Characters,
Literary devices,
Quotations,
Notes, and various study materials of The Old Man and the Sea.

Quotations
Quotes
“A man can be destroyed but not defeated.” – Santiago
Exp: This quote shows the novel’s central theme of endurance and resilience. Santiago may lose the marlin to the sharks, but his spirit and determination remain unbroken. It shows that true defeat comes only when one gives up.
“It is better to be lucky. But I would rather be exact. Then when luck comes, you are ready.” – Santiago
Exp: Santiago believes in skill and preparation over relying on luck alone. This quote shows his approach to life and fishing—hard work and precision matter more than luck.
“I wish the boy [Manolin] were here.” – Santiago
Exp: Throughout his journey into the sea, Santiago repeatedly wishes for Manolin’s presence. This shows the deep bond/friendship between the two characters.
“The old man was dreaming about the lions.” – Narrator
Exp: Santiago often dreams of lions. It symbolizes his youth, strength, and pride.
“You are killing me, fish… But you have a right to.” – Santiago
Exp: This quote shows Santiago’s deep respect for the marlin. He acknowledges that the fish is a worthy opponent, even though their struggle is physically exhausting and deadly.
“He [marlin fish] is my brother. But I must kill him and keep strong to do it.” – Santiago
Exp: The old man feels a kinship with the marlin he has hooked. Like the fish, he is also a part of nature. In nature’s eternal struggle to survive, man must kill even a magnificent animal.
“Then he [Santiago] shouldered the mast and started to climb.” – Narrator
Exp: Just like Jesus Christ carried his cross, Santiago carries his mast and accepts his fate. No matter how much pain or suffering, he will go back to fish the next day, regardless of whether he wins or loses. Triumph is not the same as success. Triumph is never giving up.