The Themes of the Novel “Tom Jones.”

Answer

Comment on the themes of the novel “Tom Jones.”

“Tom Jones” (1749) is one of the most famous satirical novels, written by Henry Fielding (1707-1754). It explores several prominent themes through its narrative, characters, and plot developments. In the novel, themes highlight the contemporary social picture and hypocrisy of human beings. Here are some key themes:

Virtue and Vice: Fielding delves into the complexity of human nature by expressing virtue and vice. Tom Jones, the protagonist, embodies both virtues and flaws. He is good-hearted and generous but also impulsive and prone to making mistakes। He is particularly impulsive in matters of love and lust. The novel suggests that true virtue lies not in moral perfection but in the capacity for growth, repentance, and the intention to do good. So, the narrator says:

No man can be good enough to enable him to neglect the rules of prudence; nor will Virtue herself look beautiful, unless she be bedecked with the outward ornaments of decency and decorum.

Hypocrisy: Hypocrisy is a major theme, especially in the portrayal of characters who present themselves as morally superior while concealing their true, often corrupt, natures. Characters like Blifil and Thwackum epitomize this hypocrisy. They present a facade of piety and righteousness while engaging in deceitful and selfish behaviour. Fielding critiques the hypocrites in the following manner:

Both religion and virtue have received more real discredit from hypocrites than the wittiest profligates or infidels could ever cast upon them.

Social Critique: Fielding critiques the social hierarchy and the class system of 18th-century England. He exposes the injustices and inequalities faced by those of lower birth, like Tom, who, despite his noble qualities, is often judged and treated unfairly due to his illegitimate status. The novel highlights the arbitrary nature of social status.

Love and Marriage: The novel explores various dimensions of love and marriage, contrasting genuine affection with relationships based on lust, social expectation, or financial gain. The evolving romance between Tom and Sophia Western is central to this theme. It depicts true love as involving mutual respect and understanding. Tom says about love:

My love is not of that base kind which seeks its own satisfaction at the expense of what is most dear to its object. I would sacrifice everything to the possession of my Sophia, but Sophia herself.

On the other hand, Lady Bellaston desires Tom. Hence, she would do anything to separate Sophia from Tom. She plots against Sophia and encourages Fellamar to rape Sophia.

Morality and Redemption: The novel is a journey of moral and personal growth for Tom. Despite his flaws and misadventures, Tom’s inherent goodness and capacity for redemption are emphasized. Fielding advocates for a compassionate view of morality, one that allows for human imperfection and values the potential for redemption.

Education and Wisdom: The theme of education, both formal and experiential, runs throughout the novel. Fielding contrasts different forms of learning and wisdom. He suggests that true understanding often comes from life experiences rather than bookish knowledge. Tom’s adventures serve as a form of education. It teaches him valuable lessons about life, love, and virtue.

In termination, we can say that “Tom Jones” is a rich tapestry of themes that reflect Fielding’s insights into human nature, society, and morality. The novel combines humor, satire, and serious commentary. They make it a profound yet entertaining exploration of the human condition.