Discuss the theme of colonization as depicted in Shakespeare’s “The Tempest.” 

Answer

Discuss the theme of colonization as depicted in Shakespeare’s “The Tempest.” 

“The Tempest” (1623) by William Shakespeare (1564-1616) discusses various themes. The theme of colonization is prominent in this play. The setting of the play is a remote island. The play points out the encounter between the colonizer and the colonized. It sheds light on power struggles, dominance, and the consequences of colonization. Let us discuss this in the following manner.

The Island as a Symbol of Colonization: The island in “The Tempest” serves as a microcosm of the colonial world. Prospero, the exiled Duke of Milan, takes control of the island upon his arrival. His rule over Caliban mirrors the colonial domination seen throughout the play. He is a native inhabitant. The island symbolizes the land that colonizers exploited for their gain.

Prospero’s Conquest and Control: Being banished by his brother, Prospero’s arrival on the island marks the beginning of colonization. He usurps control from the original inhabitant, Caliban. He imposes his authority on this remote island with his magical power. He says that

“I have with such provision in mine art.”

Prospero’s actions reflect those of historical colonizers who claimed lands inhabited by the natives. They established dominance over the natives through force and manipulation. 

Caliban as the Colonized: Caliban represents the colonized native population. Prospero and other characters depict him as uncivilized and barbaric. It reflects the dehumanization of the natives by colonial powers. Caliban’s control and exploitation by Prospero highlight the oppressive nature of colonization. Caliban says-

“This island’s mine, by Sycorax my mother,

Which thou tak’st from me.”

This line proves Caliban’s plight.

Ariel as a Submissive Spirit: Ariel serves as another metaphor for colonization. Ariel is a spirit enslaved by Prospero. Prospero poses control over Ariel through magic. Ariel becomes extremely submissive to Prospero. He says that

“All hail, great master! grave sir, hail! I come 

To answer thy best pleasure; be’t to fly, 

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