Discuss Whitman’s Treatment of “Self” and “Democracy.”

Answer

Discuss Whitman’s treatment of “self” and “democracy.”

Or, Whitman is signing of the whole of humanity – Elucidate.

Walt Whitman’s (1819-1892) “Song of Myself” (1855) is a central piece in his collection Leaves of Grass. It is a profound celebration of individuality and collective human spirit. Written in free verse, the poem breaks from traditional poetic constraints, much like Whitman’s ideas. Whitman’s treatment of “self” and “democracy” are intertwined themes. They reflect his belief in all people’s equality and interconnectedness. 

The Universality of the Self: Whitman sees the self as a microcosm of the universe. It embraces the idea that every individual is a part of a larger whole. He writes,

For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.

This line suggests that our experiences and identities are interconnected. It emphasizes the shared humanity that binds us together. Whitman’s self is not isolated but connected to everyone and everything.

The Self as a Group: Whitman’s self-concept is complex and multifaceted. He famously declares, 

I am large, I contain multitudes.

This idea suggests that every person has numerous identities and experiences within them. This makes the self rich and varied. Whitman’s recognition of these groups within the self reflects the diversity found in a democratic society. In a democratic society, each person’s individuality contributes to the greater whole.

Celebration of Individuality: Whitman celebrates the uniqueness of each individual. He asserts that every person has inherent worth and beauty. He states, 

I celebrate myself, and sing myself

And what I assume you shall assume.

This proclamation of self-celebration highlights the importance of self-acceptance and the value of each person’s contribution to society. Whitman’s emphasis on individuality underscores the democratic principle that everyone’s voice matters.

Equality and Democracy: Whitman’s vision of democracy is one of radical equality. He writes, 

In the faces of men and women I see God, and in my own face in the glass.

By seeing divinity in every person, Whitman highlights the idea that everyone is equal and deserving of respect. This perspective aligns with democratic ideals, where all people should have equal rights and opportunities. Whitman’s poetry advocates for a society where everyone is seen and valued equally.

Unity in Diversity: In “Song of Myself,” Whitman embraces diversity as a strength of democracy. He states, 

Of every hue and caste am I, of every rank and religion.

This line reflects Whitman’s vision of a society that values different backgrounds, beliefs, and identities. By recognizing and celebrating this diversity, Whitman reinforces that democracy flourishes when it includes and respects all its members.

The Democratic Voice: Whitman’s poetic voice is democratic in its accessibility and directness. He uses plain language to speak directly to the reader. He breaks down barriers between the poet and the audience. This line signifies Whitman’s intention to communicate openly and inclusively. He embodies the democratic ideal of a conversation among equals. His poetry invites readers to join him in a shared experience. It reflects the participatory nature of democracy.

Whitman is undoubtedly the most authentic voice of the United States of America. His most celebrated poem, “Song of Myself’’ is regarded as a drama of self and equal democratic feelings. This poem is not only the celebration of the poet but also the celebration of all the Americans. Whitman is here representative of his own, the great America, the whole universe, and the whole eternity of time.